Turbulent puffs and slugs in pulsatile pipe flow
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Turbulence in steady driven pipe flow first appears in the form of localized puffs and slugs. A recently developed simple model by Barkley is able to reproduce their front speeds and lifetimes. Here we adapt this model to pulsatile pipe flow, driven by a periodic flow rate of arbitrary waveform. We perform DNS and causal analysis to identify the main dynamics that enable puffs to survive in pulsatile pipe flow. Using these analysis we modify Barkley's model to extend it to pulsatile pipe flow. The extended model captures the behaviour of localized turbulence in a wide range of pulsatile pipe flows.